IDENTIFICATION OF SUPERIOR WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES FOR GRAIN YIELD AND DISEASE RESISTANCE IN GEORGIA
Abstract views: 336 / PDF downloads: 451Keywords:
Wheat trials, grain yield, agronomic traits, qualityAbstract
Wheat has historically been a staple food crop in Georgia. Wheat sown area and yield over the past 5 years averages 46.5 thousand hectares and 2.1 t/ha, respectively. Unfortunately, the competitiveness of wheat has reduced in Georgia which can be explained, among other reasons, by growing low-yielding and poorly-adapted varieties. Strengthening the grain production in the country through growing improved varieties is one of the internal priorities for the Georgian agricultural sector. The study objective was to evaluate the relative performance of nine breeding lines and one local variety at four locations in Georgia for two years to understand the main factors contributing to genotype x environment interaction as well as to identify superior disease resistant and high-yielding genotypes for potential use as variety candidates. The combined analysis of variance for grain yield and 1000-kernel weight showed that the effects of genotypes, locations and years and all interactions were highly significant for grain yield, TKW and other agronomic traits. According to the experiment data, four genotypes HBK0935W, KUV/LJILN, F885K1.1 and AMSEL/TUI showed especially high yield, 1000 kernel weight and agronomic traits. The highest yielding genotype AMSEL/TUI with moderate resistance to diseases, high agronomic traits and quality could be recommended for growing in all wheat producing areas tested in this study.
References
OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021-2030. Cereals. Available at https://www.
fao.org/3/cb5332en/Cereals.pdf. (Accessed July 7, 2022).
Kevkhishvili, V. (2001): Wheat agrotechnics. Akhali Sakartvelo Publishing, Tbilisi, Georgia.
National Statistics Office of Georgia (Geostat). Statistical data. Available at https://www.geostat.ge/en/modules/categories/ 196/agriculture. (Accessed June 27, 2022).
Lashkhi, K., Chkhutiashvili, G., Rekhviashvili, I., Julukhidze, Z., Jinjikhadze, Z. (2014): Introduction of new varieties and technologies in the frame of collaboration between international and farming organizations. International scientific conference “Climate change and its influence on sustainable and safe agriculture development”, 2-4 October 2014, Tbilisi, Georgia. Proceedings, pp.165-168.
The Ministry of Environmental protection and Agriculture of Georgia. The strategy of the agriculture development in Georgia in 2015-2020. Available at https://mepa.gov.ge/Ge/PublicInformation/30. (Accessed June 27, 2022).
Sikharulidze, Z.V., Meparishvili, G.V., Chkhutiashvili, G.A., Bedoshvili, D.O., Gorgiladze, L.A., Meparishvili, S.U., Memarne, G.R. (2013): Identification of improved winter wheat varieties through evaluation of disease resistance and yield under the conditions of Georgia. Annals of Agrarian Science 11(4): 9-14.
Morgounov, A., Ozdemir, F., Keser, M., Akin, B., Payne, Th., Braun, H. (2019): International Winter Wheat Improvement Program: history, activities, impact and future. Frontier of Agricultural Science and Engineering 6(3): 240–250.
The Ministry of Environmental protection and Agriculture of Georgia. Agrometeorological bulletin. 2020-2021. Available at https://nea.gov.ge/Ge/ Services/17. (Accessed June 27, 2022).
Singh, Y. K. (2006): Fundamental of Research Methodology and Statistics. Ltd New age international publisher. New Delhi, India.
Kuehl, R.O. (2000): Design of Experiments: Statistical Principles of Research Design and Analysis. 2nd edition. Brookes/Cole, Pacific Grove, Duxbury press publisher, California, USA.
Roelfs, A. P., Singh, R. P., Saari, E. E. (1992): Rust Diseases of Wheat: Concepts and Methods of Disease Management. Publisher CIMMYT, Mexico.
Peterson, R. F., Campbell, A. B., Hannah, A. F. (1948): A Diagrammatic Scale for Estimating Rust Intensity on Leaves and Stems of Cereals. Canadian Journal of Research 26:496-500.
James, W.S. (1971): An Illustrated series of assessment keys for plant diseases, their preparation and usage. Canadian Plant Disease Survey 51 (2): 39-65.
Lamari, I., Bernier, C.C. (1989): Toxin of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis: host-specificity, significance in disease and inheritance of host reaction. Phytopathology 79 (7): 740-744.
Zadoks, J.C., Chang, T.T., Kanzak, C.F. (1974): A decimal code for the growth stage of cereals. Weed Research 14 (6): 415-421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1974.tb01084.x
Sayre, K.D., Rajaram, S., Fischer, R.A. (1997): Yield potential progress in short bread wheats in northwest Mexico. Crop Science 37(1):36-42. https://doi.org/ 10.2135/ cropsci1997.0011183X003700010006x
Morgounov, A., Gummadov, N., Belen, S., Kaya, Y., Keser, M., Mursalova, J. (2014): Association of digital photo parameters and NDVI with winter wheat grain yield in variable environments. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 38 (5):624-632. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1312-90
Casadesus, J., Kaya, Y., Bort, J., Nachit, M. M., Araus, J.L., Amor, S., Ferrazzano, G., Maalouf, F., Maccaferri, M., Martos, V., Ouabbou, H., Villegas, D. (2007): Using vegetation indices derived from conventional digital cameras as selection criteria for wheat breeding in water-limited environments. Annals of Applied Biology 150 (2): 227-236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00116.x
Kjeldahl, J. (1883): A New Method for the Determination of Nitrogen in Organic Matter. Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie 22: 366-382.
Urushadze, T. F., Winfried, E.H., Blum, J., Machavariani, S., Kvrivishvili, T.O., Pirtskhalava, R.D. (2015): Soils of Georgia and problems of their use. Annals of Agrarian Science 13 (4): 8-23.
Machavariani, N., Kakabadze, N., Mosashvili, M. (2017): Some problems of soil degradation in Georgia and ways to eliminate them. AgroNews. Available at https://agronews.ge/saqarthveloshi-niadagis-degradatsiis-zogierthi-problema-da- misi-aghmophkhvris-gzebi/. (Accessed June 27, 2022).
Eriksson, J., Magnusson, M. (2015): Optimized winter wheat production in Kiev region of Ukraine. Master’s Thesis. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural Recourses and Agricultural Sciences, Upsala, Sweden. Available at https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/8695/1/eriksson_j_magnussonm_151217.pdf. (Accessed June 27, 2022).
Scientific-Research Center of Agriculture of Georgia. National Catalog of Plant Genetic Resources. Available at https://srca.gov.ge/public_info/catalog (Accessed July 7, 2022).
Botwright, T.L., Condon, A.G., Rebetzke, G.J., Richards, R.A. (2002): Field evaluation of early vigor for genetic improvement of grain yield in wheat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 53(10): 1137–1145.
https://doi: 10.1071/AR02007
Hay, R.K.M., Walker, A. J. (1989): An introduction to the physiology of crop yield. Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow, England.
Knezevic, D., Micanovic, D., Zecevicm, V., Brankovic, G., Kondicm, D., Radosavac, A., Matkovic, M., Spidic, S., Atanasijevic, S., Urosevic, D. (2019): Variability of length of spike and number of spikelets per spike in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). X International Scientific Agriculture Symposium, 3-6 October 2019, Jahorina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Book of Proceedings, pp. 295-299.
Zhang, Li., Takahashi, T., Fujimoto, K., Yamaguchi, S., Matsuzawa, T. (2007): Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi. Plant Production Science 10 (2): 189-198.
https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.10.189
Mwadzingeni, L., Shimelis, H., Tesfay, S., Tsilo, T. J. (2016): Screening of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Phenotypic and Proline Analyses. Frontiers in Plant Science 25:01276. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01276
Lima, V.J., Gracia-Romero, A., Rezzouk, F. Z., Diez-Fraile, M.C., Araus-Gonzalez, I., Kamphorst, S.H., Amaral, A.T.J., Kefauver, S.C., Aparicio, N., Araus, J.L. (2021): Comparative performance of high yielding European wheat cultivars under contrasting Mediterranean conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science 12: 687622.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.687622
Yadav, R., Gupta, S., Gaikwad, K.B., Bainsla, K. N., Kumar, M., Babu, P., Ansari R., Dhar, N., Dharmateja, P., Prasad, R. (2021): Genetic gain in Yield and Associated Changes in Agronomic Traits in Wheat Cultivars Developed Between 1900 and 2016 for Irrigated Ecosystems of Northwestern Plain Zone of India. Frontiers in Plant Science 12:719394. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.719394
Gulmezoglu, N., Alpu, O., Ozer, E. (2010): Comparative performance of triticale and wheat grains by path analysis. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 16 (4): 443-453.
Shamsi, K., Petrosyan, M., Noor-mohammadi, G., Haghparast, A., Kobraee, S., Rasekhi, B. (2011): Differential agronomic responses of bread wheat cultivars to drought stress in the west of Iran. African Journal of Biotechnology 10(14): 2708- 2715. https://doi:10.5897/AJB10.1133
Mohammadi, M., Sharifi, P., Karimizaden, R., Shefazaden, M.K. (2012): Relationships between Grain Yield and Yield Components in Bread Wheat under Different Water Availability (Dryland and Supplemental Irrigation Conditions). Notulae Botanikae Horti Agrobotanici CLUJ-Napoca 40(1):195-200. https://doi: 10.15835/nbha4017350
Rahman, M. M., Crain, J., Haghighattalab, A., Singh, R. P., Poland J. (2021): Improving Wheat Yield Prediction Using Secondary Traits and High-Density Phenotyping Under Heat-Stressed Environments. Frontiers in Plant Science 11:633651. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.633651
Liatukas, Z., Ruzgas, V., Gorash, A., Ceceviciene, J., Armoniene, R., Statkeviciute, G., Jaskune, K., Brazauskas, G. (2021): Development of the new waxy winter wheat cultivars Eldija and Sarta. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 57 (4): 149-157. https://doi.org/10.17221/37/2021-CJGPB
Gummadov, N., Keser, M., Akin, B., Cakman, M., Mert, Z., Taner, S., Ozturk, I., Topal, A., Yazar, S., Morgounov, A. (2015): The Genetic Gains in Wheat in Turkey: winter wheat for irrigated conditions. The Crop Journal 3(6):507-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2015.07.007
Koemel, J.E., Guenzi, J.R., Carver, B.F., Payton, M.F., Morgan, G.H., Smith, E.L. (2004): Hybrid and pureline hard winter wheat yield and stability. Crop Science 44:107-113. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.1070
Dumbadze, R. Z., Sikharulidze, Z.V. (2016): Virulence structure of the wheat stem rust population in Georgia. International Journal Agricultural Innovations and Research 4 (6): 2319-1473.
Natsarishvili, K., Sikharulidze, Z., Tsetskhladze, T. (2016): Monitoring of variability wheat rust pathogens by International Trap Nurseries. Biological Forum-International Journal 8(2): 01-03.
Sikharulidze, Z., Sikharulidze, K., Natsarishvili, K., Tsetskhladze, T., Mgeladze, L. (2017): Virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in Georgia. VII International Agriculture Symposium, 5-8 October, Iahorina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Book of Proceedings, pp.1186-1191.
Kaushik, R., Kumar, N., Sihag, M.K., Ray, A. (2014): Isolation, characterization of wheat gluten and its regeneration properties. Journal of Food Science and Technology 52(9): 5930-5937. https://doi: 10.1007/s13197-014-1690-2
Yıldırım, A., Atasoy, A.F. (2020): Quality characteristics of some durum wheat varieties grown in Southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Harran Journal of Agricultural and Food Science 24(4):420-431.
https://doi:10.29050/harranziraat.738505
Msundi, E.A., Owuoche, J.O., Oyoo, M.E., Macharia, G., Singh, R.P., Randhawa, M.S. (2021): Identification of bread wheat genotypes with superior grain yield and agronomic traits through evaluation under rust epiphytotic conditions in Kenya. Scientific Reports 11:21415. https://doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00785-7
Gerard, G.S., Crespo-Herrera, L. A., Crossa, J., Mondal, S., Velu, G., Juliana, P., Huerta-Espino, L., Vargas, M., Rhandawa, M.S., Braun, H., Singh, R.P. (2020): Yield genetic gains and changes in physiological related treats for CIMMYT’s High Rainfall Wheat Screening Nursery tested across international environments. Field Crop Research 249 (1): 107742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107742
Crespo-Herrera, L. A., Crossa, J., Huerta-Espino, J., Vargas, M., Mondal, S., Velu, G., Payne, T.S., Braun, H., Singh, R.P. (2018): Genetic gains for grain yield in CIMMYT’s semi-arid wheat yield trials grown in suboptimal environments. Crop Science 58:1890–1898. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2018.01.0017
Keser, M., Gummadov, N., Akin, B., Belen, S. (2017): Genetic gains in wheat in Turkey: Winter wheat for dryland conditions. The Crop Journal 5(6):533-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2017.04.004
Sharma, R.C., Morgounov, A.I., Braun, H.J., Akin, B., Kesser, M., Bedoshvili, D., Bagci, A., Martins, C., Ginkel, M. (2010): Identification high yielding stable winter wheat genotypes for irrigated environments in Central and West Asia. Euphytica 171:53-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-009-9992-6
Osmanzai, M., Sharma, R.C. (2008): High yielding stable wheat genotypes for the diverse Environments in Afghanistan. Agricultural Research 3(5):340-348. https://doi: 10.3923/ijar.2008.340.348
Natsarishvili, K. (2018): Identification of new sources of resistance and other effective means for control of wheat yellow rust in Georgia. Ph.D. dissertation, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Faculty of Technologies, Agroecology and Forestry Department, Batumi, Georgia.
Osmachko, O.M., Vlasenko, V.A., Bakumemko, O.M., Bilokopytov, V.I. (2020): Characteristics of immunity to leaf diseases of winter wheat samples under the conditions of the north-east forest steppe of Ukraine. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 11(1):45-53. https://doi.org/10.15421/022006
Ziyaev, Z.M., Sharma, R.C., Nazari, K., Morgounov, A.I., Amanov, A.A., Ziyadullaev, Z.F., Khalikulov, Z.I., Alikulov, S.M. (2011): Improving wheat stripe rust resistance in Central Asia and the Caucasus. Euphytica 179:197–207.
Natsarishvili, K., Sikharulidze, Z., Chkhutiashvili, G., Sikharulidze, K. (2016): Assessment of Resistance of Local and Introduced Varieties and Breeding Lines to Georgian Population of Wheat Stripe Rust. Biological Forum – An International Journal 8 (2): 60-64.
Sikharulidze, Z.V., Dumbadze, R.Z., Sikharulidze, K.T. (2015): Resistance Level of Introduced Germplasm of Wheat to Stem Rust in Georgia. Biological Forum – An International Journal 7 (1): 1075-1079.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Applied Biological Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
JABS is licensed under a 