Effect of Different Oryzalin and Colchicine Applications in Liquid Medium on Tetraploid Plant Production in Eggplant

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of different concentrations of oryzalin and colchicine that applied in the in vitro liquid medium on the tetraploid plant production in eggplant cultivars, Karnaz F1 and Faselis F1. In the study, 2.5 or
3.75 mM of colchicine for 8, 16 or 32 hours; and 28.8 or 43.2 µM of oryzalin for 12, 24 or 36 hours were applied to the shoot tips and stem buds in the regeneration medium that composed of liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BA and 10 g/l
sucrose. The explants were shaken at 100 rpm under light intensity of 20-30 μmol/m2
s over a 12/12 h (light/dark) photoperiod, and were placed on the regeneration medium without colchicine and oryzalin. Ploidy levels of the regenerated plantlets were
determined by flow cytometry. The experimental design consisted of a completely randomized factorial design, with three replicates per treatment. In the Karnaz F1 and Faselis F1 cultivars, tetraploid plants could not be obtained from colchicine applications. However, tetraploid plant was produced from the application of 28.8 μM oryzalin for 24 hours in Faselis F1, though the plant died during acclimatization. In Karnaz F1, the highest number of tetraploid plants were obtained from the treatment of 43.2 μM oryzalin for 12 hours or of 28.8 μM oryzalin for 36 hours. The pollen viability and germination percentages of these plants were 76.80% and 22.50%, respectively.